Caleb Mcdaniel How to Read for History
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Indebtedness, like inequality, has become a ubiquitous condition in and beyond the United States. Still few have probed American cities' dependence on municipal debt. Focusing on San Francisco, this month'southward guest, Destin Jenkins, traces the evolving relationship between cities, bondholders, banks, and municipal debt from the Groovy Depression to the 1980s. In doing so, he sheds new light on the power arrangement at the heart of municipal finance, and offers some suggestions on how to competition it.
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For many Americans, the question--What is a dollar worth?--may sound bizarre, if not redundant. Fluctuating international exchange rates, highly volatile crypto-currencies, apocryphal coin, these are all things the average American hears about on the news, but rarely thinks about on a day-to-day basis. Even the most enthusiastic Bitcoin supporters will likely readily admit they adopt to behave the bulk of their daily transactions in a currency whose value is relatively stable, and backed by the government. And while fewer and fewer of those transactions take place using actual paper money, the fact is, the U.S. dollar remains the primary currency in which appurtenances are quoted, traded, and payments settled across not only in the United States, just around the globe.
This was not the instance two-hundred years agone when Americans were obliged to live and transact in a world filled with upwardly of 10,000 unique bank notes tied to different banks of various trustworthiness. This number does not fifty-fifty include the plethora of counterfeit bills and countless shinplasters issued by un-regulated merchants, firms, and municipalities. In this calendar month's episode, our invitee, Joshua Greenberg explains the incredible corporeality of budgetary cognition required of Americans to participate in this highly volatile and chaotic marketplace economic system. An extensive monetary cognition was necessary not just for financiers, merchants, and others operating at a high-level of economic activeness, but also those who may never accept had the occasion to step human foot inside a bank themselves, but, however were compelled to constantly evaluate for themselves the value and actuality of the paper money being handed to them or risk losing out.
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Despite the rising price of tuition and a contempo slump in college enrollment, many Americans continue to look to didactics to better their social and economic status. Withal, more and more degrees have not led to reduced levels of inequality. Rather, quite the opposite. Inequality remains the highest its been in decades. In this episode, Cristina Groeger delves into the history of this seeming contradiction, explaining how education came to be seen every bit a panacea even as it paved the fashion for deepening inequality. Starting in the late 19th century—at time when few Americans attended college, let solitary high school—she explores how schooling came to be associated with work. For some, particularly women and immigrants, pedagogy offered new pathways into jobs previously held past white, native-born men. The idea that more education should be the main means of reducing inequality, however, fails adequately business relationship for the experience of many Americans and indeed is, Groeger argues, a dangerous policy trap. If we want a more equitable guild, we should not just prescribe more fourth dimension in the classroom, but fight for justice in the workplace.
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In this episode, labor historian Ronald Schatz speaks about the National State of war Labor Lath. Recruited by the government to help resolve union-management conflicts during Earth War II, many of the labor board vets went on to have long and illustrious careers negotiating conflicts in a wide-range of sectors from the steel industry to public sector unionism. Some were recruited to mitigate unrest on college and university campuses in response to student unrest. While non a traditional labor history, the history of the labor board vets is one worth paying attention to both for what it tells u.s.a. about past efforts to arbitrate labor-direction conflicts, and what could be in store amid future conflicts.
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The history of scarlet-lining is one increasingly well-known within and beyond the academy. In the 1930s, as office of an endeavor to shore up the struggling economic system past underwriting habitation mortgages, the government'southward Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC), developed a series of guidelines and criteria for assessing the risk of lending in urban areas. HOLC criteria drew heavily on the racial logics employed by lenders, developers, and real estate appraisers. Thus, "A-rated" neighborhoods, those associated with the least risk for banks and mortgage lenders, tended to exist exclusively white. While, "D"-rated areas, deemed the most-risky, included big numbers of black and/or other non-white residents. These neighborhoods were color-coded cherry-red on HOLC maps, hence the term ruddy-lining. They were frequently denied home loans.
HOLC and redlining had a dramatic effect on American cities with consequences lasting to the nowadays day. Yet, the image of the HOLC'south color-coded maps suggests a more static relationship between lending and urban America than actually existed. In today'south episode, Rebecca Marchiel tells a more complex and nuanced story of white and black community activists who engaged with the federal government and banks in an effort to expose redlining—in its multiple forms—and imprint their own "financial mutual sense" on banking. In doing so, she undercuts notions that the reality depicted in HOLC's maps was set in rock by the 1960s, when residents in Chicago'southward Westward Side first became suspicious that they had become victims of red-lining, while at the same fourth dimension revealing the alternative models of financing proposed by community activists in the urban reinvestment movement.
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It is common these days to bewail the amount of personal information companies like Amazon, Facebook, and other modern telecommunications goliaths collect about us. For many, this invasion of privacy exists as a necessary consequence of our growing dependence on the internet. With every click of the mouse—making information technology possible to have products manufactured half-way around the world delivered to our doorstep—there is a reluctant sensation of the take a chance that our individual lives might be made public.
That sense of the potential of our private lives being made public is all the more existent when we acknowledge the man beings at the centre of these data networks. Our modern service economic system relies on people whose jobs involve an intimate awareness of our daily lives—the Amazon commitment person who brings us toilet paper, the barista who procures for the states our morn coffee and knows whether we prefer cream or almond milk; the data analyst who knows what new titillating show we're watching and uses that data to sell us on the latest product. Our desire for on-demand services is satisfied through these people having access to data almost u.s.a., all the more so amongst the ongoing pandemic. Katie Hindmarch-Watson has spent many years thinking nearly the human labor involved in making a service economy. In Serving a Wired World: London's Telecommunication Workers and the Making of an Information Capital, she shows how concerns well-nigh privacy and information were at the center Victorian-era London's telecommunications manufacture centered around the telegraph and telephone: the cyberspace of its day. In doing so, she takes usa on a journey involving telegraph boys ensnared in homosexual scandal and wicked phone girls suspected of interrupting connections, all the while revealing the intimate and bodied labor that made (an) information capital.
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Thanks to the piece of work of activists and intellectuals similar Ta-Nehisi Coates and Jamelle Bouie, Black peoples' demand for reparations have garnered growing attention amidst politicians, business organization leaders, university officials, and journalists. For those that argue that reparations are non possible or that besides much time has passed, today's guest has an important story to tell virtually a formerly enslaved woman named Henrietta Woods who sued for restitution in 1870 and won; paid $2,500, what is probable the largest sum ever awarded by a court in the U.s.a. in restitution for slavery. Wood's story, which crosses multiple boundaries between lower and upper South, the antebellum and postbellum period, blurring the distinctions between, offers us valuable lessons most the history of slavery and liberty, and the lengths that dissimilar people went to in gild to achieve both. More importantly, Henrietta Wood raises the question once once more on people's lips: what is owed to the formerly enslaved and their descendants? And demonstrates that such restitution is long overdue.
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Many of u.s. are familiar with the negative health effects of java, which include insomnia, nervousness, upset stomach, and increased center rate. Yet, this hasn't seemed to finish many Americans from reaching for a cup, or two or three, of coffee to help them brand it through the mean solar day. One estimate puts coffee consumption in the Usa at 400 one thousand thousand cups of java a day, or more than 140 billion cups a year, making the United States the world'south leading consumer of coffee. Yet, for all the java nosotros consumer, nosotros spend trivial fourth dimension thinking virtually how this reliance affects the people who make it.
Augustine Sedgewick seeks to alter that with his new book, Coffeeland: 1 Human being's Dark Empire and the Making of Our Favorite Drug. Starting with coffee's origins in the Middle E, he reveals how coffee spread to Europe and the New Globe alongside European imperialism, transforming whole societies in the process. Moving forward in time, he explains how the United states used its status as a consumer of coffee to expand its influence in the hemisphere. All in all, the story told here is virtually much more than than coffee, integrating histories of labor, food, concern, and imperialism to reveal how global capitalism creates disconnections, every bit well as connections.
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It will come as little surprise to most listeners that America'south metropolitan areas are racially segregated and unequal. While the suburbs surrounding American cities tend to be relatively affluent and white, many urban areas, especially those with large not-white populations, remain under-resourced and under-served in comparison to their white suburban counterparts. Even as gentrification and other forces accept increasingly forced poorer non-white residents to seek housing on the city's periphery, suburbs continue to be associated with wealth and whiteness.
Existing explanations for this political geography tend to focus on governmental policies and consumer behavior during the time period spanning the New Deal through World War 2 and the immediate post-war period. Once considered obscure academic parlance, terms like red-lining, white flying, and government-backed mortgages now regularly appear as part of popular discussions of housing inequality. While not refuting the importance of these events, Paige Glotzer situates American suburbs in a longer history of exclusionary practices dating back to the 19th century. In doing and then, she also ties the American suburb to a broader history of racial capitalism and white settler colonialism.
Paige Glotzer is Banana Professor & John W. and Jeanne G. Rowe Chair in the History of American Politics, Institutions, and Political Economy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She is the author of How the Suburbs Were Segregated: Developers and the Business of Exclusionary Housing 1890-1960
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We've all heard the statistics regarding Americans and fast nutrient. According to the National Health and Nutrition Survey, one 3rd of Americans consumed fast nutrient on any given day. Prior to the coronavirus pandemic, the fast food industry employed nearly 3.8 meg Americans, many in minimum wage jobs. Not everyone has the aforementioned relationship with fast food. In this episode, we speak with Marcia Chatelain about the dramatic bear on one fast food company, McDonald'southward, has had on black communities and black politics over the terminal half century. In doing so, she provides u.s.a. with fresh insight on the relationship betwixt fast food, race, and American capitalism.
Marcia Chatelain is a Provost'south Distinguished Associate Professor of history and African American studies at Georgetown Academy. She is the writer of Franchise: The Gilded Arches in Black America.
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Today, we have a special episode. We speak to Zach Carter about COVID-xix and Keyesnianism. Zach is the writer of the upcoming book The Price of Peace: Coin, Democracy, and the Life of John Maynard Keynes.
On Midweek March 18th, he published an op-ed on Keynes'south ideas for today.
If you like this episode, delight donate to Mariame Kaba'south redistribution, mutual assistance fund: https://www.paypal.com/pools/c/8npOgwIczH
Zach Carter is a senior reporter at HuffPost, where he covers Congress, the White Business firm, and economic policy. He is a frequent guest on cablevision news and news radio, and his written work has as well appeared in The New Republic, The Nation, and The American Prospect, among other outlets. His story, "Swiped: Banks, Merchants and Why Washington Doesn't Work for You" was included in the Columbia Journalism Review'southward compilation Best Business Writing. He lives in Brooklyn, New York.
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Dara Orenstein on the Economical Geography of Warehouses
If you're similar many people throughout the country and world, you've purchased something on Amazon. As a issue, y'all've been incorporated into a set of supply concatenation relationships that inevitably pass through warehouses. On this episode, we return to topic we've discussed in past episodes—how logistics shapes capitalism. We speak to Dara Orenstein about the history of bonded warehouses specifically and strange merchandise zones. We consider how taxes, tariffs, and legal locations have been a critical component in many of the products we purchase and make.
Dara Orenstein is an Associate Professor of American Studies at George Washington University. She is author of Out of Stock: The Warehouse in the History of Commercialism
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Source: https://podtail.com/ru/podcast/who-makes-cents-a-history-of-capitalism-podcast/caleb-mcdaniel-on-slavery-and-restitution/